SOME OF STUDY RESULTS FOR HEPATITIS B VACCINATION EFFECTIVENESS IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
Abstract
Background. Viral hepatitis, including that caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV), is a significant public health problem of the current decade, and the world is still far from achieving its elimination by 2030. Objective. To investigate the prevalence of HBV markers and evaluate the effectiveness of vaccination in certain population groups. Material and methods. HBsAg, antibodies to surface antigen (anti-HBs) allowing to assess the protective immune response to HBV, and total antibodies to HB-core antigen of HBV (anti-HBc) as an indirect marker of the patient's contact with HBV were tested. The seroprotective concentration of specific antibodies in serum was considered to be 10 mIU/mL and higher (ELISA, test systems produced by Vector-Best JSC (Russian Federation). Prophylactic hepatitis B vaccination coverage (documented vaccination) was assessed by collecting and analyzing data on the availability of a full course of vaccination at primary health care level according to the data from primary medical documentation forms No. 063/u “Card of prophylactic vaccinations”, No. 064/u “Journal of prophylactic vaccination records”, and electronic databases of prophylactic vaccination records. Results. A full course of HBV vaccination ensures the formation of protective immunity in 68.35% of the examined individuals. The proportion of seropositive individuals decreases with the passing of time after completion of vaccination. The results of the study demonstrate the presence of 34.68% of seronegative subjects 15 or more years after the last dose of HBV vaccine. A survey of 1365 individuals identified 213 individuals – 15.65% (95% CI 13.77-17.63) – having anti-HBc. Conclusion. In order to achieve the targets of the Global Health Sector Strategy for elimination of viral hepatitis by 2030, it is necessary to focus both on vaccination organizational aspects within the framework of the National Immunization Schedule and on the implementing serological testing for at-risk populations with subsequent optimization of vaccination strategies.
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